# Single Camera Video  - Recording

## Tips

* 👏 visually clap (slate) three times to assist in later synching audio and video
* use a tripod (holding the camera with your hand is too shaky)
* never stop recording on the camera or external audio recorder so you just have to sync the two once
* use only optical zoom (don’t use digital zoom)
  * a camera with 20x optical zoom or more is ideal

### **Camera settings:**

* **format the SD card** (erases all data) - [explained here in the Sony a6400 manual](https://helpguide.sony.net/ilc/1810/v1/en/contents/TP0002241321.html?search=format)
* **24fps** ([frames per second](https://www.diyphotography.net/learn-choose-best-frame-rate-videos-just-10-minutes/)) for the more [cinematic look](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=esTpsPBSSkM\&t=300s) (motion blur)
  * set the Record Setting to **24p 50M** - [explained here in the Sony a6400  manual](https://helpguide.sony.net/ilc/1810/v1/en/contents/TP0002264696.html)
  * set File Format to **XAVC S HD** (this will record 1080p video rather than 4k for smaller file sizes that will be easier to edit) - [explained here in the Sony a6400  manual](https://helpguide.sony.net/ilc/1810/v1/en/contents/TP0002264695.html)
* custom white balance or use a preset (such as “tungsten”) - [explained here in the Sony a6000 manual](https://helpguide.sony.net/ilc/1810/v1/en/contents/TP0002264690.html)

### External Audio Recorder Settings:

* format the SD card (erases all data)
* uncompressed/lossless file type (AIFF, WAV)
* sample rate = 48kHz (to match the camera's sample rate)
* bit depth = 24-bit
* [use ORTF stereo microphone setup](https://producelikeapro.com/blog/ortf-mic-technique/)

{% file src="<https://content.gitbook.com/content/5tIlQ7lQpsMETS0DoCCi/blobs/4F3ZepustU7IMPZlXgvB/protractor-110degrees.pdf>" %}

### **Composition**

* use rule of thirds (turn on grid)
  * use lead space = space in front of where subject is facing
* avoid placing your frame edge on one of the body’s joints
* avoid too much headroom (or person looks to be sinking)
* avoid too little headroom (or focus will be on the person’s chin and neck)
* use a variety of [**Shot types**](https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-camera-shots/) (hold a shot for at least 10 seconds)
  * extreme long shot (XLS) = establishing shot - context for shots to follow
  * long shot (LS) = person from head to feet
  * medium shot (MS) = person from about waist up
  * closeup shot (CU) = person’s neck and head
  * extreme closeup shot (XCU) = one detail of a person
  * cut in = closeup shot of an object (such as the face of a watch or an instrument key)

{% hint style="info" %}
more shot types = <https://www.instagram.com/p/B6DZWA9ChDB/?igshid=pbgpx0ctas8h>
{% endhint %}


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